AP511 Randomized Questions Quiz

by | Oct 21, 2026

Apologetics Systems 2025 Study Guide Test
Richard Howe, Ph.D.

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(Note: The numbering on the Study Guide Test skipped from 17 to 19, so it won't match after 17.)

1.

Edward John Carnell was a/an

2.

Bertrand Russell is an evidentialist.

3.

Since truth corresponds to reality, claiming Christianity is true is claiming that it is SUBJECTIVELY true and not merely a way of "seeing" the world through some lens.

4.

Whether one has to assume something is a/an

5.

Cornelius Van Til was a/an

6.

According to class lecture, there are some theists who regard theistic proofs as irrelevant.

7.

Which of the following is NOT revealed in General Revelation.

8.

According to Classical Philosophy, Physics is:

9.

Theory of Truth best matches with which of the following?

10.

Concerned primarily with the knowledge of things (substances) together with the attributes (accidents) of things:

11.

Etienne Gilson was a/an

12.

The Classical View holds that faith is believing something on the basis of divine authority.

13.

Formal Logic best matches with which of the following?

14.

A necessary condition is 

15.

Authored "The Testimony of the Evangelists":

16.

According to class lecture, which of the following IS NOT one of the weaknesses of the Classical Apologetics method according to the Boa/Bowman text?

17.

Most presuppositionalists are seemingly unaware of Aquinas's classical metaphysics, thus they do not come close to engaging in Aquinas's thinking.

18.

Neo-orthodoxy holds to Natural Theology.

19.

According to Boa/Bowman, Blaise Pascal was a/an

20.

The Thomist holds that the whole of reality has a rational structure because he presupposes it.

21.

Final causality is one of the five causes in Aristotle's philosophy that are the background of Aquinas's arguments for God's existence.

22.

Which of the following is NOT a use of the term 'Realism' discussed in class?

23.

Match "Faith Has Its Reasons: Integrating Approaches to
Defending the Christian Faith" with its author.

24.

Norman Geisler was a/an

25.

The Thomist regards knowledge as a formal identity of knower and known on the occasion of the knower's encounter with sensible reality.

26.

According to Boa/Bowman, Richard Swinburne was a/an

27.

Aquinas insisted that one must presuppose the Triune God and the Christian Scriptures together with the "Creator-creature" distinction before any sense can be made of anything else.

28.

According to Classical Philosophy, Form/Matter is:

29.

Evidentialism underestimates the human factor.

30.

John Frame was a/an

31.

The Classical Apologetics system distinguishes between demonstrating theism and demonstrating Christianity.

32.

Francis Schaeffer was a/an

33.

English translations of Aristotle and Aquinas regard a body of knowledge or an area of study with regard to its first principles or causes as a science.

34.

The Classical Realist argues that one's fundamental presuppositions, like the fundamental laws of thought, arise from our understanding from our encounter with the sensible world around us.

35.

Special Revelation is given through creation.

36.

Potency is the power or capacity or possibility to be actual or real.

37.

Supported granting civil rights to Jews :

38.

The Classical Empiricism of Aristotle and Aquinas is the same as Modern and Contemporary Empiricism in its metaphysical grounding.

39.

Joseph Owens was a/an

40.

A Thomistic Realist realizes that human knowing is first of all a knowing of sensible things and then argues that God is the creator of such things.

41.

Van Til confuses ontology and epistomology.

42.

Van Til's understanding of fact in relation to "interpretation" and God is foundational to his system.

43.

Natural Theology emerged in the 18th century.

44.

According to K. Scott Oliphint, 'Presuppositional' should be replaced with 'Covenantal'.

45.

Authored "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding":

46.

According to Plantinga’s view, which of the following IS NOT one of the conditions for warrant?

47.

Gary Habermas was a/an

48.

Jeffrey Johnson is seemingly unaware of the difference between natural science and a philosophy of nature.

49.

Within the classical Thomistic tradition, reason and logic are synonymous.

50.

An inductive argument leads to the probability of the conclusion.

51.

The presuppositionalist may sometimes refer to his method as a transcendental argument because the presupposition of the Triune God and the Christian Scriptures are "transcendentally necessary" for knowledge.

52.

Van Til thought that Aquinas held that reason was unable to say much about God's nature.

53.

According to Boa/Bowman, match Fideist Apologetics to the best choice.

54.

Restrictive apposition or non-restrictive apposition cannot be settlesd merely by an appeal to the grammar or syntax of the text.

55.

According to class lecture, in "Defining Apologetics" which of the following IS NOT one of the questions of apologetics?

56.

Aquinas employs Aristotle's final causality in his argument for God's existence.

57.

"Reformed" refers to that branch of Protestantism whose theological development followed the contours of the thinking of John Calvin.

58.

Formal logic is also known as deductive logic.

59.

According to class lecture, there are some theists who regard theistic proofs as irrelevant.

60.

Empiricism best matches with which of the following?

61.

K. Scott Oliphant was a/an

62.

Authored "The Tryal of the Witnesses of the Resurrection
of Jesus":

63.

When Aquinas says that God is pure actuality and has no potential, he means God has no passive potential.

64.

That which an effect is

65.

That by which an effect is

66.

Which of the following is NOT one of the "fundamental aspects of reality?"

67.

According to Boa/Bowman, Søren Kierkegaard was a/an

68.

According to Boa/Bowman, match Classical Apologetics to the best choice.

69.

Per the philosophical reasoning of Aristotle and Aquinas, metaphysical truths are expressly knowable from our sensory encounter with the world around us.

70.

John Warwick Montgomery was a/an

71.

General Revelation reveals God's gospel and will.

72.

According to Boa/Bowman, Classical Apologetics affirms the universal applicality of reason.

73.

According to Classical Philosophy, Biology is:

74.

Alvin Plantiga associates Aquinas's "Fifth Way" with Paley's watchmaker argument.

75.

"The order of knowing" is the same thing as the "the order of being".

76.

In the classical tradition of Aristotle and Aquinas, knowing has to do with being. Epistemology reduces to metaphysics.

77.

Van Til used 'evangelical' to refer to those otherwise conservative Protestants who have decidedly moved away from Calvinism (as Van Til understands it) together with what that Calvinism entails regarding the underlying principles of one's apologetic method.

78.

According to Plantinga’s view of classical foundationalism, which of the following IS NOT part of the foundation?, , , ,

79.

Ability of something to cause change in something else is

80.

Dr. Howe loves to describe worldview using the eyeglass simile.

81.

According to Boa/Bowman, 'Reformed Apologetics' refers only to Plantiga's Reformed Epistemology.

82.

Match "Classical: A Rational Defense of the Christian Faith and a
Critique of Presuppositional Apologetics" with its author.

83.

According to Boa/Bowman, Joseph Butler was a/an

84.

The logical "form" of an argument is always crucial to the content of the argument's premises.

85.

Realism maintains that there is a reality external to us as knowers.

86.

Concerned primarily with the knowledge of experiences/appearances; qualities/properties; ideas/perceiving; sensations/phenomena:

87.

Phenomenological language is also known as the language of disappearance.

88.

Which of the following seriously challenged the tri-partite theory (definition) of knowledge with his paper “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?”

89.

According to Classical Philosophy, Substance/Accident is:

90.

J. Gresham Machen left Princeton to form Westminster Theological Seminary.

91.

According to class lecture, which of the following IS NOT one of the strengths of Evidentialism according to the Boa/Bowman text?

92.

According to Classical Philosophy, Act/Potency is:

93.

Paley's design argument is the same thing as Aquinas's teleological argument.

94.

According to Dembski, the most famous theologian making design arguments is

95.

Which of the following IS NOT one of the standard uses of the term ‘knowledge’?

96.

Informal logic focuses on methods and processes.

97.

Historical philosophy categorizes sensory data as empiricism.

98.

Geisler, Sprole, and other Classical apologists hold that miracles presuppose theism.

99.

Whether something is true is a/an

100.

"Autonomous" is a presuppositionalist talking point that has little to nothing to do with a conscientious philosophical examination of the dispute over the Classical theory of knowledge.

101.

The notion of "fact" is a point of contention between Presuppositionalism and all other apologetic.

102.

According to Plantinga’s view of classical foundationalism, which of the following IS NOT part of the foundation?, , , ,

103.

General Revelation is given through creation.

104.

According to Boa/Bowman, Karl Barth was a/an

105.

Aquinas laid the foundational ideas for the teleological argument.

106.

It is rare for the philosophical and apologetical literature to equate or connect Aquinas's and Paley's
arguments.

107.

God possesses passive potency.

108.

Presuppositionalists repudiate Natural Theology.

109.

Authored "The Reasonableness of Christianity as
Delivered in the Scriptures"
:

110.

According to class lecture, no atheists think the theistic proofs are relevant.

111.

According to Aquinas, knowledge begins in the senses and is completed in the intellect.

112.

According to Classical Philosophy, Essence/Existence is:

113.

A deductive argument leads to the certainty of the conclusion.

114.

The fundamental premise of the Cosmological Argument is that everything has a cause.

115.

Concerned primarily with the justification or warrant of beliefs:

116.

Acceptance of Special Revelation is necessary and sufficient for eternal life.

117.

A Thomist uses Rom. 1:20, which says the establishment of theism itself is based precisely upon our encounter with the sensible world which itself is the starting point of all "facts" that enter the human intellect.

118.

In Classical Theism, God is substantial existence itself (ipsum esse subsistens).

119.

Apologetics serves as pre-evangelism for the lost and strengthens the saved.

120.

Test of Truth best matches with which of the following?

121.

According to the "Positions on the Theistic Proofs" chart, Thomists were distinguished from Evidentialists.

122.

Deduction can tell us whether the premises of a given argument are true.

123.

General Revelation was defined as "God's revelation through His creation of His existence, attributes, and
goodness."

124.

Greg Bahnsen was a/an

125.

According to Boa/Bowman, which of the following IS NOT something critics express concern about Classical Apologetics?

126.

According to Boa/Bowman, match Reformed Apologetics to the best choice.

127.

According to Boa/Bowman, Clark Pinnock was a/an

128.

Authored "Elements of Logic" :

129.

Epistimological Evidentialism is synonymous with the Evidentialism we discussed in class.

130.

Ability of something to undergo change inasmuch as it possesses metaphysical potency is

131.

Jason Lisle was a/an

132.

Thomas Reid identified the faulty principle underlying Hume's philosophy as rationalism - the belief that all knowledge had to be justified by reason, or reasoning.

133.

Informal Logic best matches with which of the following?

134.

Aimed his apologetic efforts primarily against the Deists:

135.

According to Boa/Bowman, Martin Luther was a/an

136.

According to David Hume, our knowledge rests upon the ontological Trinity as its presupposition.

137.

In Van Til's estimation, Presuppositionalist methodology was necessitated by reformed theology, particularly the doctrines of unlimited atonement and the total depravity of the human race.

138.

Van Til correctly posits that Thomistic Realism holds that there are facts and laws that are irrespective of the existence of God.

139.

According to class lecture, which of the following WAS NOT part of the legacy of Cornelius Van Til?

140.

According to Boa/Bowman, James Orr was a/an

141.

Described Scholasticism of his as as "perplexed with
obscure terms and useless questions":

142.

Evidentialism is very nearly identical to the third step in the Classical Apologetic system.

143.

According to Boa/Bowman, match Evidentialist Apologetics to the best choice.